Time of Rome Emperor Augustus from ancient period Authors Strapon wrotes in book name of Geopraphika (Anatolia XII, XII, XIV ) about Cappadocia border Taurus mountains southerly, Aksaray at the west, Malatya at the east and at the north east Black Sea that very wide range region. Todays Cappadocia Region covers Nevsehir, Aksaray, Nigde, Kayseri and Kirsehir cities. To be deemed as Cappadocia more localy covers Uchisar, Goreme, Avanos, Urgup, Derinkuyu, Kaymakli, Ihlara and arounds them.

  VOLCANOS BLAST AND GEOLOGIC FORMATION

  ROCK STRUCTURE: Erciyes, Hasan Mountain and Gollu Mountain were active mountains in geological period in Cappadocia region. With those volcanos other plenty of Volcanoses volcanic eruptions started in upper Miyosen (10 million years ago) continued up to Holosen. Lavas which comes from volcanos under the Neojen lakes composed 100 – 150 m. Thickness various hardness tufa layers. This layers part from tufa contain tufit, iqnimbirit tufa, lahar, volcano ash, clay, sandstone, marn agglomexate and basalt as geological rocks. Plateau to take on a shapes with volcanic eruption materials from main volcano or continiously had metamorphosive with less effective volcanic eruptions. Mainly Kizilirmak also other rivers and lakes abrated this fuga layers started from upper pliosen and the region took todays shape.

  FORMATION OF FAIRY CHIMNEY:Flood waters which comes from valley side and winds effected also abraded the structure which made from tufa after words very intersting formations to be formed called fairy chimney. Flood waters find their ways on vertical hill side this causes cleanages and breaking off the rocks. At the bottom side more correded materials which to be hallowed deeply, the hill side mover backword therefore non abraded conic shaped structure and the top part looks like a hat to be formed. This kind of structure seems in Urgup and structure has a conic shape and there is a rock block at the top. Structure to be formed from rock which made from tufa, tuffit and volcanic ash; top part ( look like a hat ) to be formed from lahar and ignimbirit as hard rocks. It means that the top part of structure is harder then the bottom part. This is a main condition for fairy chimney formation. According to the top parts resistance, the structure has a long or short life. Fairy chimney shapes which to be formed from eroson in Cappadocia region; shape like a hat, conics, mushroom shaped and sharp rocks. Fairy Chimney mostly seems between Urgup and Uchisar and Avanos triangle, also they seems in between Urgup and Sahin Efendi, around Nevsehir Cat town, Kayseri Soganli valley and around Aksaray Selimiye village. Part from fairy chimney interesting curves to be formed from rain waters gives to the region very special characteristi and beatyfull look. The colour harmony on some hill sides comes from heat differences of lava layers. This kinds of formations seem in Uchisar, Kizilcukur, Gulludere and Pancarli valleys.

  Interesting places of Region: Goreme, Kaymakli underworld city, Derinkuyu underworld city, Zelve, Uchisar, Ortahisar, Avanos, Urgup Ihlara valley, salt lake, Agzikarahan Caravansaray.